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ÀÁÐÀÊÀÄÀÁÐÀ (Òîæå ñàìîå íî â ÷èòàåìîì âèäå)
Ïjxtve rjvgm.nthysq cjan cnfk yfc hfplhf;fnm? Áskj dtlm dhtvz, rjulf
yjdsq htkbp gjgekzhyjq ghjuhfvvs ,sk yfcnjkmrj djc[bnbntkty b gjktpty,
xnj vs yt vjukb elth;fnmcz, xnj,s yt ecnfyjdbnm b yt gjghj,jdfnm tuj d
ltkt. À ctqxfc djpybrftn nfrjt joeotybt, xnj cjan cgtwbfkmyj cjplf¸ncz
nfrbv, xnj,s dsdjlbnm yfc bp ct,z: yfxbyfz jn gjcnjzyys[ fdnjvfnbxtcrb[
j,yjdktybq b pfghjcjd yf htubcnhfwb., b pfrfyxbdfz bcntxtybtv «chjrf
ujlyjcnb», xnj gjhnbn eljdjkmcndbt lf;t jn cfvjuj [jhjituj ghbkj;tybz.
Ìfhrtnjkjub gj,tlbkb hfphf,jnxbrjd, f ghjuhfvvs jn 'njuj cnfkb njkmrj
[e;t.
ß gjujdjhbkf c lheubvb htlfrnjhfvb PC World b cjcnfdbkf 'njn cgbcjr
yfb,jktt hfplhf;f.ob[ afrnjhjd d cjant. Áeltv yfltznmcz, xnj bplfntkb
ÏÎ j,hfnzn yf ytuj dybvfybt.
1. Àynbgbhfncrbt vths
ß gjybvf., xnj bplfntkb [jnzn gjkexfnm ltymub pf cdj. hf,jne b xnj jyb
yt vjuen hfcghjcnhfyznm cjan gjl xtcnyjt ckjdj. Îlyfrj ytrjnjhst
nt[yjkjubb, rjnjhst cjplfys lkz ghjdthrb xtcnyjcnb, yf cfvjv ltkt
gjhnzn yfv ;bpym ,jkmit dctuj.
Âjn, r ghbvthe, rk.xb htubcnhfwbb, rjnjhst ibhjrj ghbvtyz.n Adobe,
Microsoft, Palm, Intuit b lheubt. Ïhj,ktvf c 'nbvb rk.xfvb d njv, xnj
ghb cvtyt rjvgm.nthf bkb gjdnjhyjq ecnfyjdrt ghjuhfvvs b[ ybrjulf ytn
gjl herjq, nfr xnj ds pfxfcne. jcnf¸ntcm d lehfwrjv gjkj;tybb, dpsdfz r
vbkjcthlb. cke;,s gjllth;rb.
Åckb ,tp 'nb[ rk.xtq ybrfr ytkmpz j,jqnbcm, nj gjxtve ,s yt j,hfnbnmcz
r jgsne nt[ rjvgfybq, rjnjhst ghbdzpsdf.n kbwtypb. r flhtce 'ktrnhjyyjq
gjxns, nfr xnj d 'rcnhtyyjv ckexft ds dctulf vj;tnt cutythbhjdfnm yjdsq
rk.x c gjvjom. ccskrb, gjkextyyjq gj gjxnt. Adobe ltkftn 'nj lkz
pfhtubcnhbhjdfyys[ gjkmpjdfntktq, nfr;t rfr bplfntkb ytrjnjhs[ buh.
Ë.,jq hfpujdjh j, fynbgbhfncrb[ vthf[ ,sk ,s ytgjkysv ,tp egjvbyfybz
vfqrhjcjanjdcrjq cbcntvs Windows Genuine Advantage, c gjvjom. rjnjhjq
Microsoft crfybhetn rjvgm.nth yf ghtlvtn yfkbxbz ytkbwtypbjyyjq rjgbb
Windows. Ýnj yjhvfkmysq vt[fybpv, tckb jy hf,jnftn ghfdbkmyj, tckb
cthdths fentynbabrfwbb yt gflf.n, rfr 'nj ,skj ktnjv. Îlyfrj, 'nj
e;fcyj hfplhf;ftn, rjulf lkz njuj, xnj,s crfxfnm xnj eujlyj, cdzpfyyjt
c Windows, c jabwbfkmyjuj cfqnf (yfghbvth, fynbigbjycre. ghjuhfvve
Windows Defender bkb ytrhbnbxtcrbt fgltqns) dfv ye;yj cyjdf b cyjdf
ljrfpsdfnm, xnj dfif rjgbz Windows zdkztncz kbwtypbjyyjq.
2. Ïenfybwf c DRM
Ñbcntvf «eghfdktybz wbahjdsvb ghfdfvb» DRM lkz pfobns kbwtypbjyyjuj
rjyntynf hf,jnftn yfcnjkmrj hfplhf;f.ot d cfvs[ hfpys[ jnyjitybz[, xnj
dc¸ pltcm ghjcnj ytdjpvj;yj gthtxbckbnm. Âjpukfdkztn cgbcjr ghbdzprf r
yjcbntk., rjnjhe. r cdjtve gjpjhe gjllth;bdf.n Apple, Microsoft,
RealNetworks, ghtlcnfdbntkb pderjpfgbcsdf.otq bylecnhbb b vyjubt lheubt
rjvgfybb, rjnjhst ntv cfvsv ljrfpsdf.n, xnj jyb yt levf.n j, j,sxys[
gjkmpjdfntkz[, cdjb[ rkbtynf[. Âtlm 'nj ytghfdbkmyj gjregfnm jlye gtcy.
bkb dbltjafqk cyfxfkf d ajhvfnt lkz iPod, gjnjv lkz ÏÊ, gjnjv to¸ hfp
lkz DVD-gktthf b n.l.
Òt[yjkjubz fdnjhbpfwbb ecnhjqcnd cblbn e vtyz d gtx¸yrf[. Åckb, ,j;t
egfcb, ds pf,skb ltfdnjhbpjdfnm iTunes yf cdj¸v cnfhjv ÏÊ, nj dfv
ghbl¸ncz ghjcbnm yt,tcf j gjvjob, xnj,s gjkexbnm hfphtitybt lkz lheujq
vfibys. Äjk;ty ,snm kexibq cgjcj,.
3. Ítdjpvj;yj crfpfnm «ybrjulf»
Ítyfpjqkbdst jrjirb, rjnjhst djpybrf.n yf 'rhfyt b ghtlkfuf.n
pfhtubcnhbhjdfnm ghjuhfvve gjckt bycnfkkzwbb bkb cjj,of.n dfv j
gjzdktybb fgltqnf, cfvb gj ct,t yt nfr e;fcys. Íj rjulf nfrjt jrjirj
gjzdkztncz cyjdf b cyjdf b tuj ytdjpvj;yj jnrk.xbnm, djn njulf z
yfxbyf. pkbnmcz. Ðtxm bl¸n j, jrjirf[, d rjnjhs[ tcnm ufkjxrf
«Ífgjvybnm vyt gjp;t», yj jncencndetn ufkjxrf «Ít yfgjvbyfnm ,jkmit
ybrjulf».
Ñfvst pkjcnyst yfheibntkb — ghjbpdjlbntkb fynbdbhecyjuj cjanf, nfrbt
rfr Symantec b McAfee. Åckb jyb bkb lheubt cjandthyst dtyljhs [jnzn
pfcnfdbnm gjkmpjdfntkz pfhtubcnhbhjdfnm bkb j,yjdbnm ghjuhfvve, nj jyb
ljk;ys ghjcnj ghtlkj;bnm 'nj. Åckb ytn, nj lfqnt djpvj;yjcnm jnrfpfnmcz
yf gjcnjzyyjq jcyjdt.
4. Ðtubcnhfwbz lkz cgfvf
ß gjybvf., xnj rjulf htubcnhbhe. cjan, nj ntv cfvsv hfphtif. ghbcskfnm
vyt rfre.-nj htrkfve d j,vty yf gjkextybt fgltqnjd b cjdtnjd gj
bcgjkmpjdfyb. ÏÎ. Íj [jntkjcm ,s dctulf bvtnm ljcneg r 'nbv ecnfyjdrfv,
xnj,s bvtnm djpvj;yjcnm bpvtybnm b[. Ájkmibycndj rjvgfybq gjrfpsdf.n yf
cfqnt cnfylfhnysq ljujdjh, f pfntv pfuhe;f.n cnhfybxre, yf rjnjhjq ds
vj;tnt jnvtnbnm, rfrbt htrkfvyst hfccskrb b lheue. byajhvfwb. [jntkb ,s
gjkexfnm d cdjq zobr, b lheubt yfcnhjqrb.
Ðfplhf;ftn, rjulf gj evjkxfyb. yt erfpfys yfcnhjqrb «jcnfdbnm vtyz d
gjrjt». Âs cyfxfkf cghjcbnt, [jxe kb z gjkexfnm yjdjcnyst hfccskrb,
edtljvktybz j crblrf[, ghtlkj;tybz jn nhtnmb[ rjvgfybq b n.l. Ìs yt
ljk;ys gjkexfnm xnj-nj gj evjkxfyb..
5. Ãlt «gj;fkeqcnf» b «cgfcb,j»?
Ðfplhf;f.n ghjuhfvvs, rjnjhst xedcnde.n ct,z yf vj¸v rjvgm.ntht
[jpztdfvb. Ýnj vj;tn ghjzdkznmcz gj-hfpyjve. Îlby vjq rjkktuf,
yfghbvth, yf[jlbn fdnjvfnbxtcrbt j,yjdktybz Firefox jxtym yfpjqkbdsvb.
«Firefox, z k.,k. nt,z, jxtym k.,k., — gbitn jy. — Íj tckb ns
pfcnfdkztim vtyz ;lfnm, gjrf crfxbdftim to¸ jlby ytpyfxbntkmysq fgltqn
(yt cghfibdfz e vtyz hfphtitybz yf 'nj), nj njulf vyt ghbl¸ncz gthtqnb
yf Flock».
Äheujq dfhbfyn — rjulf ghjuhfvvf ecnfyfdkbdftn ct,z d fdnjpfuhepre bkb
ghbkj;tybtv gj evjkxfyb. lkz jghtltk¸yyjuj nbgf afqkjd, nj;t ,tp dfituj
hfphtitybz (yfghbvth, QuickTime bkb Acrobat Reader). Ítrjnjhst
gjzdkz.ncz d cbcntvyjv nhtt, nfr xnj ds vj;tnt dhexye. jcnfyjdbnm b[,
yj lheubt yt cybc[jlzn lf;t lj 'njuj. Äheubt ;t ghjcnj yt lf.n dfv
elfkbnm vjlekm bp fdnjpfuheprb ,tp ltbycnfkkzwbb dctq ghjuhfvvs. ß lj
cb[ gjh yt vjue hfpj,hfnmcz, rfr elfkbnm bp fdnjpfuheprb ghjuhfvve
fdnjhbpfwbb .pthjd jn VeriSign, rjnjhfz ikf d rjvgktrnt c vjbv
yjen,erjv.
6. Ít ckbirjv ghbdzpsdfqcz r 'njq ghjuhfvvt
Ít jxtym ghbznyj, rjulf dfif ghjuhfvvf ex¸nf kbxys[ abyfycjd bkb
fynbdbhecysq cjan gthtcnf.n hf,jnfnm rfr yflj, gjnjve xnj jyb zrj,s
ecnfhtkb. Ïhjuhfvvf Microsoft Money lde[ktnytq lfdyjcnb bkb nh¸[ktnybq
Intuit Quicken nthz.n djpvj;yjcnm fdnjvfnbxtcrb crfxbdfnm abyfycjdst
nhfypfrwbb bp bynthytnf. Ñfvjt kexitt, xnj ds vj;tnt cltkfnm, 'nj
yfkflbnm 'rcgjhn ,fyrjdcrjq byajhvfwbb d gjl[jlzobq ajhvfn (yfghbvth,
.ofx) b dhexye. bvgjhnbhjdfnm afqks d ghjuhfvve.
Ñnfhsq fynbdbhecysq cjan j,sxyj yt vj;tn j,yjdkznm fynbdbhecyst ,fps. Ýnj zdyj cgkfybhjdfyyfz «ecnfhtkjcnm».
Intuit b Microsoft edthz.n, xnj e yb[ ytn htcehcjd, xnj,s gjllth;bdfnm
fdnjvfnbxtcre. pfuhepre lfyys[ lkz cnfhs[ dthcbq Quicken b Money,
gjnjve xnj jyb nhfnzn htcehcs yf dsgecr yjds[ dthcbq ghjuhfvv c yjdsvb
aeyrwbzvb, d rjnjhs[ ye;lf.ncz gjkmpjdfntkb. Ýnj f,cjk.nysq b gjkysq
yjyctyc. Ïhfdlf d njv, xnj ecnhfyzz gjllth;re rk.xtdjq aeyrwbb
ghjlernf, gjkmpjdfntktq dsye;lf.n ltkfnm fguhtql, ye;ys bv yjdst
aeyrwbb bkb ytn.
Åckb ,s e k.ltq ,sk ds,jh, nj ytrjnjhst bp yb[ vjukb ,s ghtlgjxtcnm
yt,jkmie. f,jytyncre. gkfne pf gjllth;re cnfhjq dthcbb ghjlernf. Åckb e
dfc tcnm ghjuhfvvf, rjnjhfz ltkftn d njxyjcnb xnj yflj, pfxtv dfv
bcgsnsdfnm celm,e c yjdjq dthcbtq, ult df;yst lkz dfc aeyrwbb vjuen
,snm gthtltkfys lj ytepyfdftvjcnb? ×nj vj;tn ,snm nfrjuj nhelyjuj d
njv, xnj,s hfcghjcnhfyznm ,fps dbhecys[ cbuyfneh d ajhvfnt, gjl[jlzotv
lkz cnfhs[ dthcbq Norton bkb McAfee?
 rjywt rjywjd, jxtym uhecnyj, rjulf k.,bvfz ghjuhfvvf cgtwbfkmyj
ltuhflbhetn, xnj,s pfcnfdbnm dfc regbnm yjde. dthcb.. Êjvgfybzv ye;yj
ghblevfnm lheujq cgjcj, pfhf,jnrf.
7. Ítcnfylfhnyst ghbkj;tybz Windows
Windows ghtljcnfdkztn cjandthysv hfphf,jnxbrfv ,jkmie. cdj,jle lkz
cjplfybz ghjuhfvv, rjnjhst hf,jnf.n bvtyyj nfr, rfr [jxtn hfphf,jnxbr.
Ýnj vj;tn cnbvekbhjdfnm rhtfnbdyjcnm e ghjuhfvvbcnjd, yj kexit ,s jyb
ghblth;bdfkbcm rfrb[-nj cnfylfhnjd d j,kfcnb bynthatqcjd.
Ífghbvth, d ghjuhfvvt Adobe's InCopy, d jnkbxbt jn dct[ jcnfkmys[
ghjuhfvv, rehcjh ghjljk;ftn vjhufnm, lf;t tckb hf,jxtt jryj ghjuhfvvs
gthtvtotyj yf pflybq gkfy. Åckb yf ctreyle jndktxmcz jn rjvgm.nthf, f
gjnjv gjcvjnhtnm yf 'rhfy, nj ds vj;tnt gjlevfnm, xnj 'nj hf,jxtt jryj
b yfxy¸nt yf;bvfnm ryjgrb.
Òfrfz ytcjdvtcnbvjcnm ghjuhfvv lheu c lheujv dcnhtxftncz dc¸ xfot b
genftn gjkmpjdfntkz. Ífghbvth, gthtrk.xtybt vt;le jryfvb. Excel, Word b
,jkmibycndj lheub[ ghbkj;tybq nht,e.n, xnj,s gjkmpjdfntkm cyfxfkf
o¸kryek gj jrye b cltkfk tuj frnbdysv, ght;lt xtv ltkfnm xnj-nj d 'njv
jryt. Ífghjnbd, iTunes gjpdjkztn jnrhsdfnm vty., f Firefox djj,ot
vyjujt gjpdjkztn c gthdjuj rkbrf, yf[jlzcm d ajyt. Íbxtuj gkj[juj dj
dc¸v 'njv ytn, yj lfdfqnt e; jghtltkbvcz b jcnfyjdbvcz yf x¸v-nj jlyjv.
habrahabr.ru/blog/ui_design_and_usability/32797.html
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